Which act prohibits discrimination on the basis of pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions?

• A. Pregnancy Discrimination Act
• B. Americans with Disabilities Act
• C. Equal Pay Act
• D. FLSA

Answer: (A)

This question tests understanding of a law that protects employees from bias tied to pregnancy. The Pregnancy Discrimination Act specifically prohibits discrimination in any aspect of employment—hiring, firing, pay, promotions, leave, and other terms—on the basis of pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions. It requires employers to treat pregnancy the same as other medical conditions or temporary disabilities, so being pregnant cannot be used to justify worse treatment compared to others with similar abilities. The other laws address different issues: the Americans with Disabilities Act focuses on disability-based discrimination; the Equal Pay Act targets wage differences based on sex; and the Fair Labor Standards Act deals with minimum wage, overtime, and child labor.